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Cognitive training has attracted considerable attention as a safe, economical, and scalable nonpharmacologic intervention in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, no study has yet placed sufficient emphasis on the training of executive function. The present study aimed to evaluate whether memory training combined with executive training could lead to improved cognitive and noncognitive performance in patients with MCI. Furthermore, we will explore the neural correlates underlying the changed performances.    Methods  The proposed study is a randomized controlled trial that will include 120 patients with MCI. The eligible patients will be randomized to either an intervention group or a waitlist control group. The intervention group will receive computerized combined training (executive function and memory) for 96 sessions for more than 24 weeks. The control group will receive no intervention during the research period. Behavior data collection and a magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalogram/near‐infrared spectroscopy scan will be performed at baseline and after 24 weeks of intervention.    Results  The study is currently ongoing. Recruitment began in July 2017 and will conclude in December 2018.    Discussion  If combined training results in positive changes to cognitive function and noncognitive function in patients with MCI, this might represent a new approach to delay the cognitive decline or even provide a potential method for dementia prevention. Furthermore, the evaluation of any training‐related structural changes or functional changes will help to reveal the mechanisms underlying the combined cognitive training.    Trial registration  This study was registered with  Clinicaltrials.gov  (Identifier:  NCT03232047 , August 18, 2017).

alzheimer's and dementia: translational research and clinical interventions

A randomized controlled trial of combined executive function and memory training on the cognitive and noncognitive function of individuals with mild cognitive impairment: Study rationale and protocol design