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This paper is concerned with the effect of individual Na + , K + , Mg 2+  and Ca 2+  ions upon the nutrient dynamics and cell morphology during submerged fermentation of  Aspergillus giganteus  MTCC 8408 in a medium containing ample soluble starch, corn steep liquor and proteose peptone supply. Nutrient dynamics was elucidated using Taguchi’s DOE (design of experiment) L 8  orthogonal array (OA) with carbon, nitrogen and four most influensive microelements at their assigned ratio namely; K + /Ca 2+  and Mg 2+ /Na + . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to correlate the effect of selected factors on morphological changes and nutrient dynamics during submerged fermentation. At higher K + /Ca 2+  ratio 4.78:1; the maximum growth was figured out in terms of dry weight, while the inhibition of dry weight production was observed at higher Mg 2+ /Na +  ratio 0.94:1 with enhanced intracellular afp production. At lower C/N ratio 27.4:1; filamentous form of growth was maintained with the hyphae being scarcely branched without bulbous cells. Membrane perturbation due to the induction of intracellular oxidative stress was noticed at higher C/N ration. Taguchi DOE resulted in afp yield per substrate utilized,  Y   p/s  of 1.08 mg g −1  soluble starch utilized with gram dry cell weight (gdcw) of 23.9 g L −1  while afp yield per biomass utilized resulted,  Y   p/x  of 1.12 mg afp gdcw −1  L −1  and biomass yield per substrate utilized,  Y   x/s  of 1.195 gdcw g −1  L −1 . The present study revealed an opportunity to develop a cost effective methods for cell propagation so as to yield effective inoculum levels towards mass production and formulation studies.

3 biotech

Effect of C/N ratio and microelements on nutrient dynamics and cell morphology in submerged fermentation of Aspergillus giganteus MTCC 8408 using Taguchi DOE