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Alterations in the High Density Lipoprotein Phenotype and HDL‐Associated Enzymes in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome
Author(s) -
Lagos K. G.,
Filippatos T. D.,
Tsimihodimos V.,
Gazi I. F.,
Rizos C.,
Tselepis A. D.,
Mikhailidis D. P.,
Elisaf Moses S.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/s11745-008-3251-9
Subject(s) - medicine , paraoxonase , endocrinology , pon1 , metabolic syndrome , high density lipoprotein , lipidology , clinical chemistry , cholesterol , lipoprotein , lipoprotein associated phospholipase a2 , chemistry , obesity , biochemistry , genotype , oxidative stress , gene
Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) usually have low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels. We determined the HDL distribution profile as well as the HDL‐related lipoprotein associated phospholipase A 2 (HDL‐LpPLA 2 ) and paraoxonase‐1 (PON1) activities in subjects with MetS ( n = 189) but otherwise healthy. Age and sex‐matched individuals ( n = 166) without MetS served as controls. The lower HDL‐C concentration in MetS patients was due to a reduction in both large and small HDL subclasses ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). As the number of MetS components increased, the HDL phenotype comprised of a greater percentage of small HDL‐3 and less large HDL‐2 subclasses, resulting in a decreased HDL‐2/HDL‐3 ratio ( P < 0.001 for all trends). Multivariate analysis revealed that HDL‐2 levels and the HDL‐2/HDL‐3 ratio significantly and independently correlated with HDL‐C (positively) and TG (negatively) levels. HDL‐3 concentration significantly and independently positively correlated with HDL‐C and TG levels. HDL‐LpPLA 2 activity was decreased in MetS patients ( P < 0.01), a phenomenon that may contribute to the defective antiatherogenic activity of HDL in MetS. PON1 activity did not differ between groups. We conclude that MetS, in addition to the decrease in HDL‐C concentration, is associated with alterations in the HDL phenotype, which is comprised of a greater percentage of small HDL subclasses. Furthermore, HDL‐LpPLA 2 activity is decreased in MetS patients.