Open AccessBone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Promote Proliferation of Endogenous Neural Stem Cells Through Vascular Niches After Cerebral Infarction
Author(s) -
NakanoDoi Akiko,
Nakagomi Takayuki,
Fujikawa Masatoshi,
Nakagomi Nami,
Kubo Shuji,
Lu Shan,
Yoshikawa Hiroo,
Soma Toshihiro,
Taguchi Akihiko,
Matsuyama Tomohiro
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.159
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1549-4918
pISSN - 1066-5099
DOI - 10.1002/stem.454
Subject(s) - biology , stem cell , bone marrow , endogeny , neural stem cell , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , microbiology and biotechnology , niche , ecological niche , immunology , endocrinology , in vitro , genetics , biochemistry , ecology , habitat
Increasing evidence shows that administration of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) is a potential treatment for various ischemic diseases, such as ischemic stroke. Although angiogenesis has been considered primarily responsible for the effect of BMMCs, their direct contribution to endothelial cells (ECs) by being a functional elements of vascular niches for neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) has not been considered. Herein, we examine whether BMMCs affected the properties of ECs and NSPCs, and whether they promoted neurogenesis and functional recovery after stroke. We compared i.v. transplantations 1 × 10 6 BMMCs and phosphate‐buffered saline in mice 2 days after cortical infarction. Systemically administered BMMCs preferentially accumulated at the postischemic cortex and peri‐infarct area in brains; cell proliferation of ECs (angiogenesis) at these regions was significantly increased in BMMCs‐treated mice compared with controls. We also found that endogenous NSPCs developed in close proximity to ECs in and around the poststroke cortex and that ECs were essential for proliferation of these ischemia‐induced NSPCs. Furthermore, BMMCs enhanced proliferation of NSPCs as well as ECs. Proliferation of NSPCs was suppressed by additional treatment with endostatin (known to inhibit proliferation of ECs) following BMMCs transplantation. Subsequently, neurogenesis and functional recovery were also promoted in BMMCs‐treated mice compared with controls. These results suggest that BMMCs can contribute to the proliferation of endogenous ischemia‐induced NSPCs through vascular niche regulation, which includes regulation of endothelial proliferation. In addition, these results suggest that BMMCs transplantation has potential as a novel therapeutic option in stroke treatment. S TEM C ELLS 2010;28:1292–1302