Open AccessDifferentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Results in Downregulation of c‐Myc and DNA Replication Pathways with Immunomodulation Toward CD4 and CD8 Cells
Author(s) -
Wang LiTzu,
Jiang ShihSheng,
Ting ChiaoHsuan,
Hsu PeiJu,
Chang ChiaChi,
Sytwu HueyKang,
Liu KoJiunn,
Yen B. Linju
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.159
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1549-4918
pISSN - 1066-5099
DOI - 10.1002/stem.2795
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , biology , induced pluripotent stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , stem cell , cytotoxic t cell , cellular differentiation , cd8 , regenerative medicine , immunology , cancer research , embryonic stem cell , immune system , in vitro , genetics , gene
Multilineage tissue‐source mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess strong immunomodulatory properties and are excellent therapeutic agents, but require constant isolation from donors to combat replicative senescence. The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into MSCs offers a renewable source of MSCs; however, reports on their immunomodulatory capacity have been discrepant. Using MSCs differentiated from iPSCs reprogrammed using diverse cell types and protocols, and in comparison to human embryonic stem cell (ESC)‐MSCs and bone marrow (BM)‐MSCs, we performed transcriptome analyses and assessed for functional immunomodulatory properties. Differentiation of MSCs from iPSCs results in decreased c‐Myc expression and its downstream pathway along with a concomitant downregulation in the DNA replication pathway. All four lines of iPSC‐MSCs can significantly suppress in vitro activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation to a similar degree as ESC‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs, and modulate CD4 T lymphocyte fate from a type 1 helper T cell (Th1) and IL‐17A‐expressing (Th17) cell fate to a regulatory T cell (Treg) phenotype. Moreover, iPSC‐MSCs significantly suppress cytotoxic CD8 T proliferation, activation, and differentiation into type 1 cytotoxic T (Tc1) and IL‐17‐expressing CD8 T (Tc17) cells. Coculture of activated PBMCs with human iPSC‐MSCs results in an overall shift of secreted cytokine profile from a pro‐inflammatory environment to a more immunotolerant milieu. iPSC‐MSC immunomodulation was also validated in vivo in a mouse model of induced inflammation. These findings support that iPSC‐MSCs possess low oncogenicity and strong immunomodulatory properties regardless of cell‐of‐origin or reprogramming method and are good potential candidates for therapeutic use. S tem C ells 2018;36:903–914