Open AccessCore Pluripotency Factors Directly Regulate Metabolism in Embryonic Stem Cell to Maintain Pluripotency
Author(s) -
Kim Hyunsoo,
Jang Hyonchol,
Kim Tae Wan,
Kang ByungHee,
Lee Sang Eun,
Jeon Yoon Kyung,
Chung Doo Hyun,
Choi Jinmi,
Shin Jihoon,
Cho EunJung,
Youn HongDuk
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.159
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1549-4918
pISSN - 1066-5099
DOI - 10.1002/stem.2073
Subject(s) - biology , embryonic stem cell , induced pluripotent stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , glycolysis , pkm2 , stem cell , cellular differentiation , pyruvate kinase , biochemistry , metabolism , gene
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have distinct metabolic properties that support their metabolic and energetic needs and affect their stemness. In particular, high glycolysis is critical for the generation and maintenance of PSCs. However, it is unknown how PSCs maintain and acquire this metabolic signature. In this study, we found that core pluripotency factors regulate glycolysis directly by controlling the expression of glycolytic enzymes. Specifically, Oct4 directly governs Hk2 and Pkm2, which are important glycolytic enzymes that determine the rate of glycolytic flux. The overexpression of Hk2 and Pkm2 sustains high levels of glycolysis during embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation. Moreover, the maintenance of high glycolysis levels by Hk2 and Pkm2 overexpression hampers differentiation and preserves the pluripotency of ESCs in the absence of leukemia inhibitory factor. Overall, our study identifies a direct molecular connection between core pluripotency factors and ESC metabolic signatures and demonstrates the significance of metabolism in cell fate determination. S tem C ells 2015;33:2699–2711