Open AccessImpact of metabolic disorders on prostate cancer growth: Androgen and insulin resistance perspectives
Author(s) -
Yanase Tashihiko,
Kawanami Takako,
Tanaka Tomoko,
Tanabe Makito,
Nomiyama Takashi
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
reproductive medicine and biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.005
H-Index - 22
eISSN - 1447-0578
pISSN - 1445-5781
DOI - 10.1002/rmb2.12039
Subject(s) - medicine , insulin resistance , endocrinology , prostate cancer , metabolic syndrome , metformin , androgen , androgen deprivation therapy , insulin , diabetes mellitus , testosterone (patch) , cancer , hormone
Background A high prevalence of cancers in metabolic disorders, like metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM ), recently has been noted, including prostate cancer ( PC ), which is androgen‐sensitive. However, the pathological relationship among testosterone and insulin and insulin‐like growth factor ( IGF )‐1 signaling in relation to MetS and T2 DM with PC remains unclear. Methods Papers were reviewed, including those by the authors. Results In MetS or the initial stage of T2 DM accompanying insulin resistance, insulin and IGF ‐1 signaling could be essential for PC growth. In the advanced stage of T2 DM , the decrease in insulin secretion might work against PC growth. A decrease in testosterone concentration with T2 DM also might suppress PC proliferation. Androgen deprivation therapy in patients with PC might increase the risk of MetS and/or T2 DM and consequently cardiovascular events. Certain drugs for T2 DM treatment, such as metformin and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analog, potentially might be useful for the treatment of PC . Conclusion The improvement of insulin resistance appears to be essential for the prevention of PC growth. Further studies are needed to clarify the complicated pathophysiology of metabolic disorders in PC growth.