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Nothing but NET: A review of norepinephrine transporter expression and efficacy of 131 I‐mIBG therapy
Author(s) -
Streby Keri A.,
Shah Nilay,
Ranalli Mark A.,
Kunkler Anne,
Cripe Timothy P.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
pediatric blood and cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.116
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1545-5017
pISSN - 1545-5009
DOI - 10.1002/pbc.25200
Subject(s) - neuroblastoma , norepinephrine transporter , medicine , norepinephrine , blood cancer , transporter , cancer therapy , oncology , targeted therapy , catecholamine , clinical trial , cancer research , cancer , bioinformatics , dopamine , gene , genetics , biology , cell culture
Neuroblastoma is unique amongst common pediatric cancers for its expression of the norepinephrine transporter (NET), enabling tumor‐selective imaging and therapy with radioactive analogues of norepinephrine. The majority of neuroblastoma tumors are avid for 123 I‐metaiodobenzaguanidine (mIBG) on imaging, yet the therapeutic response to 131 I‐mIBG is only 30% in clinical trials, and off‐target effects cause short‐ and long‐term morbidity. We review the contemporary understanding of the tumor‐selective uptake, retention, and efflux of meta‐iodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) and strategies currently in development for improving its efficacy. Combination treatment strategies aimed at enhancing NET are likely necessary to reach the full potential of 131 I‐mIBG therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:5–11 © 2014 The Authors. Pediatric Blood & Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.