Open AccessPenetration Process of a Hydrated Deep Eutectic Solvent Through the Stratum Corneum and its Application as a Protein Penetration Enhancer
Author(s) -
Sakuragi Mina,
Maeda Emika,
Kusakabe Katsuki
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemistryopen
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.644
H-Index - 29
ISSN - 2191-1363
DOI - 10.1002/open.202000114
Subject(s) - penetration (warfare) , stratum corneum , deep eutectic solvent , chemistry , solvent , choline chloride , chromatography , eutectic system , chemical engineering , biophysics , biochemistry , organic chemistry , alloy , operations research , engineering , biology , medicine , pathology
The penetration mechanism of choline chloride‐glycerol deep eutectic solvent (DES) through the stratum corneum (SC) as a potential solvent for a novel enhancer of protein penetration into the skin was investigated in a wide and small angle X‐ray diffraction study. We found that DES penetrated through intercellular lipids but not the corneocytes. DES seemed to extract a portion of lipids of the short lamellae in the SC. Hydrated DES with a DES to water weight ratio of 9 to 1 (9DES‐1H 2 O) showed the strongest interaction with the lipids in the SC compared with water, DES, and hydrated DESs with another weight ratio of DES to water (DES : water=8 : 2). In a skin penetration test with a fluorescently labelled lysozyme, 9DES‐1H 2 O increased the amount of penetration through the SC by two‐fold compared with HEPES buffer.