Open AccessCeria–Vanadia/Silica‐Catalyzed Cascade for C−C and C−O Bond Activation: Green One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐3‐cyano‐4 H ‐pyrans
Author(s) -
Maddila Surya Narayana,
Maddila Suresh,
van Zyl Werner E.,
Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemistryopen
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.644
H-Index - 29
ISSN - 2191-1363
DOI - 10.1002/open.201500159
Subject(s) - malononitrile , pyran , catalysis , aldehyde , chemistry , scanning electron microscope , transmission electron microscopy , condensation reaction , raw material , heterogeneous catalysis , green chemistry , benzaldehyde , solvent , ethanol , organic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , chemical engineering , combinatorial chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , reaction mechanism , composite material , engineering
We designed a ceria–vanadia/silica (Ce–V/SiO 2 ) heterogeneous catalyst and used it for the green and efficient synthesis of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4 H ‐pyran derivatives. The green reaction was a multicomponent one‐pot condensation of 5,5‐dimethylcyclohexane‐1,3‐dione, aromatic aldehyde, and malononitrile in an eco‐compatible solvent (ethanol). The catalyst was synthesized and fully characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The reported procedure offers a number of advantages including decreased reaction times, mild conditions, high yields, operational simplicity, and environmentally benign and simple work‐up procedures. Furthermore, the catalyst is economical, fully recyclable, and reusable for over five runs while preserving its high activity. The synthesized 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4 H ‐pyran products can later be used for pharmaceutical purposes.