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Design and initiators of living cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers
Author(s) -
Sawamoto Mitsuo,
Higashimura Toshinobu
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
makromolekulare chemie. macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 0258-0322
DOI - 10.1002/masy.19900320112
Subject(s) - cationic polymerization , living cationic polymerization , vinyl ether , monomer , polymer chemistry , polymer , chemistry , polymerization , carbocation , anionic addition polymerization , living anionic polymerization , vinyl polymer , nucleophile , living polymerization , photochemistry , organic chemistry , radical polymerization , catalysis
Abstract This paper discusses recent developments in living cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers, specifically focusing on (a) new initiating systems, (b) kinetics and mechanism, and (c) controlled polymer synthesis. The new initiating systems were based on nucleophilic stabilization of the growing carbocations, either by counteranions (as in phosphate/ZnI 2 and Me 3 SiI/ZnI 2 systems) or by added Lewis bases (as 2,6‐dimethylpyridine for EtAlCl 2 ). The kinetic study included the determination of the lifetime of living cationic polymers. The controlled polymer synthesis by living cationic processes led to not only end‐ and pendant‐functionalized polymers of narrow molecular weight distributions but also star‐shaped polymers and sequence‐regulated vinyl ether oligomers with functional groups.