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Background  Most well‐differentiated thyroid carcinomas display good therapeutic outcomes, but there are still some patients who are not sensitive to the general treatments lose their treatment opportunities. Thus, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms that cause thyroid carcinoma, so as to find effective diagnostic and therapeutic targets.    Aim of the study  To explore the role of homeobox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) in thyroid carcinoma through protein phosphatase methylesterase 1 (PPME1) by sponging microRNA 761 (miR‐761).    Methods  The regulation network amongst HOTAIR, miR‐761 and PPME1 was predicted by online sources. RT‐PCR was conducted to evaluate the expression of HOTAIR and miR‐761 in tumor tissues. Clinical data was collected and analyzed by Chi‐square test. Cell apoptosis and proliferation was evaluated using three types of cancer cells (HTh‐7, CAL‐62, BCPAP) after treated with si‐HOTAIR and miR‐761inhibitor. The binding site among HOTAIR, miR‐761 and PPME1 was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. PPME1 expression was measured after HOTAIR and miR‐761 were suppressed by western blot. Survival time was measured in nude mice using log‐rank test.    Results  HOTAIR was expressed to a significantly greater extent than miR‐761 in thyroid tumor tissues ( P  < .001). miR‐761 and PPME1 were negatively correlated (coef = −1.91,  P  < .001). HOTAIR competitively binds to miR‐761 and miR‐761 directly targets PPME1. HOTAIR was highly correlated with TNM ( χ  2  = 5.797,  P  = .016), tumor size ( χ  2  = 7.955,  P  = .005) and lymphatic metastasis ( χ  2  = 6.0,  P  = .014). HOTAIR promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis, whereas miR‐761 did not. HOTAIR elevated and miR‐761 suppressed PPME1 expression. HOTAIR expression appears to affect the survival time in vivo.    Conclusion  HOTAIR regulated thyroid cancer cells by binding to miR‐761 through PPME1.

Long non‐coding RNA HOTAIR / microRNA ‐761 sponge regulates PPME1 and further influences cell biological functions in thyroid carcinoma