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Background  There is an accumulating body of evidence indicating a strong association between inflammation and the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation ( AF ) in different ethnicities across the globe.  AF  increases the risk of stroke and heart failure. Despite various researches on   IL ‐10  response, there is limited clinical evidence present, which demonstrate a role of these immunity regulators in  AF . Therefore, this study was designed to decipher the role of   IL ‐10(‐592A/C)  polymorphism in the development of postoperative  AF  (post‐ OP AF ).    Method  The study was designed for north Indian patients. The study included 90 patients with  AF  and 126 controls in sinus rhythm undergoing surgery at Department of Cardiovascular and thoracic surgery,  SGPGIMS , Lucknow, India.  DNA  samples were genotyped for common single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP ) in gene   IL ‐10(‐592A/C) . The  PCR ‐based  RFLP  technique was used to assess the genotype frequencies. The multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to study the association of other risk factors with  AF .    Results  The distribution of   IL ‐10(‐592A/C)  genotypes ( CC ,  AC , and  AA ) was found to be 48.41%, 47.61%, and 3.98% in controls and 41.11%, 45.55%, and 13.34% in cases, respectively ( P  = .0385). The frequency of allele A in cases was significantly higher than the control group (36.11% vs 27.77%,  P  = .0654). Compared with  CC ,  AA  genotype had increased risk of  AF  in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses.    Conclusions  This study suggests that   IL ‐10(‐592A/C)  polymorphism may have significant association with post‐ OP AF  development in north Indian patients.

IL ‐10(‐592A/C) gene variant a predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation in the north Indian population