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Creating hemodynamic atlases of cardiac 4D flow MRI
Author(s) -
Cibis Merih,
Bustamante Mariana,
Eriksson Jonatan,
Carlhäll CarlJohan,
Ebbers Tino
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.25691
Subject(s) - affine transformation , image registration , magnetic resonance imaging , hemodynamics , nuclear medicine , medicine , interpolation (computer graphics) , cardiac magnetic resonance , artificial intelligence , mathematics , computer science , nuclear magnetic resonance , cardiology , physics , radiology , geometry , image (mathematics)
Purpose Hemodynamic atlases can add to the pathophysiological understanding of cardiac diseases. This study proposes a method to create hemodynamic atlases using 4D Flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method is demonstrated for kinetic energy (KE) and helicity density (H d ). Materials and Methods Thirteen healthy subjects underwent 4D Flow MRI at 3T. Phase‐contrast magnetic resonance cardioangiographies (PC‐MRCAs) and an average heart were created and segmented. The PC‐MRCAs, KE, and H d were nonrigidly registered to the average heart to create atlases. The method was compared with 1) rigid, 2) affine registration of the PC‐MRCAs, and 3) affine registration of segmentations. The peak and mean KE and H d before and after registration were calculated to evaluate interpolation error due to nonrigid registration. Results The segmentations deformed using nonrigid registration overlapped (median: 92.3%) more than rigid (23.1%, P < 0.001), and affine registration of PC‐MRCAs (38.5%, P < 0.001) and affine registration of segmentations (61.5%, P < 0.001). The peak KE was 4.9 mJ using the proposed method and affine registration of segmentations ( P = 0.91), 3.5 mJ using rigid registration ( P < 0.001), and 4.2 mJ using affine registration of the PC‐MRCAs ( P < 0.001). The mean KE was 1.1 mJ using the proposed method, 0.8 mJ using rigid registration ( P < 0.001), 0.9 mJ using affine registration of the PC‐MRCAs ( P < 0.001), and 1.0 mJ using affine registration of segmentations ( P = 0.028). The interpolation error was 5.2 ± 2.6% at mid‐systole, 2.8 ± 3.8% at early diastole for peak KE; 9.6 ± 9.3% at mid‐systole, 4.0 ± 4.6% at early diastole, and 4.9 ± 4.6% at late diastole for peak H d . The mean KE and H d were not affected by interpolation. Conclusion Hemodynamic atlases can be obtained with minimal user interaction using nonrigid registration of 4D Flow MRI. Level of Evidence: 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1389–1399.