Open AccessReference ranges of handgrip strength from 125,462 healthy adults in 21 countries: a prospective urban rural epidemiologic (PURE) study
Author(s) -
Leong Darryl P.,
Teo Koon K.,
Rangarajan Sumathy,
Kutty V. Raman,
Lanas Fernando,
Hui Chen,
Quanyong Xiang,
Zhenzhen Qian,
Jinhua Tang,
Noorhassim Ismail,
AlHabib Khalid F,
Moss Sarah J.,
Rosengren Annika,
Akalin Ayse Arzu,
Rahman Omar,
Chifamba Jephat,
Orlandini Andrés,
Kumar Rajesh,
Yeates Karen,
Gupta Rajeev,
Yusufali Afzalhussein,
Dans Antonio,
Avezum Álvaro,
LopezJaramillo Patricio,
Poirier Paul,
Heidari Hosein,
Zatonska Katarzyna,
Iqbal Romaina,
Khatib Rasha,
Yusuf Salim
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.803
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 2190-6009
pISSN - 2190-5991
DOI - 10.1002/jcsm.12112
Subject(s) - percentile , demography , ethnic group , epidemiology , medicine , body mass index , geography , gerontology , environmental health , statistics , mathematics , sociology , anthropology
Background The measurement of handgrip strength (HGS) has prognostic value with respect to all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease, and is an important part of the evaluation of frailty. Published reference ranges for HGS are mostly derived from Caucasian populations in high‐income countries. There is a paucity of information on normative HGS values in non‐Caucasian populations from low‐ or middle‐income countries. The objective of this study was to develop reference HGS ranges for healthy adults from a broad range of ethnicities and socioeconomically diverse geographic regions. Methods HGS was measured using a Jamar dynamometer in 125,462 healthy adults aged 35‐70 years from 21 countries in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Results HGS values differed among individuals from different geographic regions. HGS values were highest among those from Europe/North America, lowest among those from South Asia, South East Asia and Africa, and intermediate among those from China, South America, and the Middle East. Reference ranges stratified by geographic region, age, and sex are presented. These ranges varied from a median (25 th –75 th percentile) 50 kg (43–56 kg) in men <40 years from Europe/North America to 18 kg (14–20 kg) in women >60 years from South East Asia. Reference ranges by ethnicity and body‐mass index are also reported. Conclusions Individual HGS measurements should be interpreted using region/ethnic‐specific reference ranges.