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Mixing alcohol with energy drink (AMED) and total alcohol consumption: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Verster Joris C.,
Benson Sarah,
Johnson Sean J.,
Scholey Andrew,
Alford Chris
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
human psychopharmacology: clinical and experimental
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.461
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1099-1077
pISSN - 0885-6222
DOI - 10.1002/hup.2513
Subject(s) - alcohol , alcohol consumption , meta analysis , consumption (sociology) , unit of alcohol , environmental health , alcohol intoxication , psychology , significant difference , medicine , injury prevention , poison control , chemistry , sociology , social science , biochemistry
It has been suggested that consuming alcohol mixed with energy drink (AMED) may increase total alcohol consumption. Aims of this systematic review and meta‐analysis were (i) to compare alcohol consumption of AMED consumers with alcohol only (AO) consumers (between‐group comparisons), and (ii) to examine if alcohol consumption of AMED consumers differs on AMED and AO occasions (within‐subject comparisons). A literature search identified fourteen studies. Meta‐analyses of between‐group comparisons of N = 5212 AMED consumers and N = 12 568 AO consumers revealed that on a typical single drinking episode AMED consumers drink significantly more alcohol than AO consumers ( p = 0.0001, ES = 0.536, 95%CI: 0.349 to 0.724). Meta‐analyses of within‐subject comparisons among N = 2871 AMED consumers revealed no significant difference in overall alcohol consumption on a typical drinking episode between AMED and AO occasions ( p = 0.465, ES = −0.052, 95%CI: −0.192 to 0.088). In conclusion, between‐group comparisons suggest that heavy alcohol consumption is one of the several phenotypical differences between AMED and AO consumers. Within‐subject comparisons revealed, however, that AMED consumption does not increase the total amount of alcohol consumed on a single drinking episode. © 2016 The Authors. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd