Premium Influence of Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation on Aluminum Coordination in Zeolite‐Supported Ruthenium Catalysts: A 27 Al 3QMAS Nuclear Magnetic Resonance StudyPremium
Author(s)
Luo Wenhao,
van Eck Ernst R. H.,
Bruijnincx Pieter C. A.,
Weckhuysen Bert M.
Publication year2018
Publication title
chemphyschem
Resource typeJournals
PublisherWiley
Abstract The influence of a highly oxygenated, polar protic reaction medium, that is, levulinic acid in 2‐ethylhexanoic acid, on the dealumination of two zeolite‐supported ruthenium catalysts, namely Ru/H‐β and Ru/H‐ZSM‐5, has been investigated by 27 Al triple‐quantum magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (3QMAS NMR). Upon use of these catalysts in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid, the heterogeneity in aluminum speciation is found to increase for both Ru/H‐ZSM‐5 and Ru/H‐β. For Ru/H‐ZSM‐5, the symmetric, tetrahedral framework aluminum species (FAL) were found to be mainly converted into distorted tetrahedral FAL species, with limited loss of aluminum to the solution by leaching. A severe loss of both FAL and extra‐framework aluminum (EFAL) species into the liquid phase was observed for Ru/H‐β instead. The large decrease in tetrahedral FAL species, in particular, results in a significant decrease in strong acid sites, as corroborated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). This decrease in acidity, evidence of the inferior stability of the strongly acidic sites in Ru/H‐β relative to Ru/H‐ZSM‐5 under the applied conditions, is considered as the main reason for differences seen in catalyst performance.
Subject(s)acid strength , catalysis , chemistry , infrared spectroscopy , inorganic chemistry , levulinic acid , magic angle spinning , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , organic chemistry , ruthenium , zeolite
Language(s)English
SCImago Journal Rank1.016
H-Index140
eISSN1439-7641
pISSN1439-4235
DOI10.1002/cphc.201700785
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