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Neglected tropical diseases remain among the most critical public health concerns in Africa and South America. The drug treatments for these diseases are limited, which invariably leads to fatal cases. Hence, there is an urgent need for new antitrypanosomal drugs. To address this issue, a large number of diverse heterocyclic compounds were prepared. Straightforward synthetic approaches tolerated pre‐functionalized structures, giving rise to a structurally diverse set of analogs. We report on a set of 57 heterocyclic compounds with selective activity potential against kinetoplastid parasites. In general, 29 and 19 compounds of the total set could be defined as active against  Trypanosoma cruzi  and  T. brucei brucei , respectively (antitrypanosomal activities <10 μM). The present work discusses the structure−activity relationships of new fused‐ring scaffolds based on imidazopyridine/pyrimidine and furopyridine cores. This library of compounds shows significant potential for anti‐trypanosomiases drug discovery.

Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of Imidazopyridine/Pyrimidine‐ and Furopyridine‐Based Anti‐infective Agents against Trypanosomiases