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Abstract : A series of mononuclear coordination or organometallic Au I /Au III  complexes ( 1 – 9 ) have been comparatively studied  in vitro  for their antileishmanial activity against promastigotes and amastigotes, the clinically relevant parasite form, of  Leishmania amazonensis  and  Leishmania braziliensis . One of the cationic Au I  bis‐ N ‐heterocyclic carbenes ( 3 ) has low EC 50  values (ca. 4 μM) in promastigotes cells and no toxicity in host macrophages. Together with two other Au III  complexes ( 6  and  7 ), the compound is also extremely effective in intracellular amastigotes from  L. amazonensis . Initial mechanistic studies include an evaluation of the gold complexes′ effect on  L. amazonensis’  plasma membrane integrity.

Comparing the Antileishmanial Activity of Gold(I) and Gold(III) Compounds in L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis in Vitro