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Gold‐catalyzed Cycloisomerization Reactions within Guanidinium M 12 L 24 Nanospheres: the Effect of Local Concentrations
Author(s) -
Gonell Sergio,
Reek Joost N. H.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemcatchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.497
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1867-3899
pISSN - 1867-3880
DOI - 10.1002/cctc.201900089
Subject(s) - cycloisomerization , catalysis , chemistry , substrate (aquarium) , selectivity , acetylene , combinatorial chemistry , sulfonate , hydrogen bond , organic chemistry , molecule , sodium , oceanography , geology
Gold‐catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions have been explored using guanidinium functionalized M 12 L 24 nanospheres that strongly encapsulate gold complexes functionalized with a sulfonate group through hydrogen bonds. As the M 12 L 24 nanospheres can bind up to 24 gold complexes, the effect of local catalyst concentration on the reaction outcome can be easily evaluated. Also, the guanidinium groups of the sphere can weakly interact with the carboxylic group of the substrates, facilitating the pre‐organization of the substrate near to the catalytic active site. Both effects can influence the selectivity and rate of the gold‐catalyzed transformation. Challenging acetate‐containing substrates with internal acetylene functional groups can be cyclized efficiently within the M 12 L 24 nanospheres, where the pre‐organization of the substrate plays a crucial role. For 2‐alkynyl benzoic acids the selectivity of the reaction can be controlled by adjusting the local concentration of gold catalyst in the guanidinium functionalized M 12 L 24 nanosphere.