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Deictic pointing  is among the most impaired gestures in children with autism. Research on typical development demonstrates that contact with the referent and handshape when  pointing , are associated with different communicative intentions and developmental stages. Despite their importance, the morphological features of  pointing  remain largely unexplored in autism. The aim of the present study was to map out  pointing  production in autism with a focus on  handshape  and  contact with the referent . Participants (age range = 1–6 years old) with ASD ( n  = 16), at high risk for autism ( n  = 13) and typically developing children ( n  = 18) interacted with their caregivers in a gesture elicitation task. Results showed that children with ASD produced fewer  pointing  gestures overall and fewer  index finger pointing without contact with the referent  compared to the typically developing children.    Lay Summary  Children with autism produce less gestures than typical children, and pointing gestures appear to be more affected than other gesture types. Whether children point using their index finger or the palm, and whether they touch or not the referent is crucial for understanding communicative intentions. This is the first study to document experimentally exactly how pointing gestures differ in autism in comparison to typical development. We found important qualitative differences in the communicative patterns of children with autism and at risk for autism, that may serve to identify potential new markers for early diagnosis.   Autism Res  2021, 14: 984–996 . © 2020 The Authors.  Autism Research  published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Different Ways of Making a Point: A Study of Gestural Communication in Typical and Atypical Early Development