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Background  Data of six flybys, those of Galileo I, Galileo II, NEAR, Cassini, Rosetta, and Messenger were reported by Anderson et al. (2008). Four of them: Galileo I, NEAR, Rosetta, and Messenger gain Newtonian energy during the flyby transfer, while Galileo II and Cassini lose energy. In both cases this is a surprising anomaly since Newtonian forces originate from a potential and they are, therefore, conservative.    Materials and Methods  We use a Whiteheadian theory of gravity to analyze the anomalies.    Results  Here we show that the gravitational field of a rotating planet, as derived from this new model, introduces a nonconservative force that gives a partial, but in our opinion satisfactory, explanation of these anomalies.    Conclusion  This model also suggests a correlation between the sign of the anomaly and the sign of the azimuthal velocity at perigee.

On a correlation among azimuthal velocities and the flyby anomaly sign