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Electrostatic Localization of RNA to Protocell Membranes by Cationic Hydrophobic Peptides
Author(s) -
Kamat Neha P.,
Tobé Sylvia,
Hill Ian T.,
Szostak Jack W.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201505742
Subject(s) - protocell , rna , membrane , polynucleotide , vesicle , phospholipid , amphiphile , biophysics , cationic polymerization , chemistry , lipid bilayer , biochemistry , static electricity , biology , organic chemistry , copolymer , gene , polymer , electrical engineering , engineering
Abstract Cooperative interactions between RNA and vesicle membranes on the prebiotic earth may have led to the emergence of primitive cells. The membrane surface offers a potential platform for the catalysis of reactions involving RNA, but this scenario relies upon the existence of a simple mechanism by which RNA could become associated with protocell membranes. Here, we show that electrostatic interactions provided by short, basic, amphipathic peptides can be harnessed to drive RNA binding to both zwitterionic phospholipid and anionic fatty acid membranes. We show that the association of cationic molecules with phospholipid vesicles can enhance the local positive charge on a membrane and attract RNA polynucleotides. This phenomenon can be reproduced with amphipathic peptides as short as three amino acids. Finally, we show that peptides can cross bilayer membranes to localize encapsulated RNA. This mechanism of polynucleotide confinement could have been important for primitive cellular evolution.