Open AccessEnhancer and super‐enhancer: Positive regulators in gene transcription
Author(s) -
Peng Yanling,
Zhang Yubo
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
animal models and experimental medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2576-2095
DOI - 10.1002/ame2.12032
Subject(s) - enhancer , enhancer rnas , biology , transcription factor , transcription (linguistics) , gene , genetics , computational biology , regulation of gene expression , promoter , microbiology and biotechnology , gene expression , linguistics , philosophy
Enhancer is a positive regulator for spatiotemporal development in eukaryotes. As a cluster, super‐enhancer is closely related to cell identity‐ and fate‐determined processes. Both of them function tightly depending on their targeted transcription factors, cofactors, and genes through distal genomic interactions. They have been recognized as critical components and played positive roles in transcriptional regulatory network or factory. Recent advances of next‐generation sequencing have dramatically expanded our ability and knowledge to interrogate the molecular mechanism of enhancer and super‐enhancer for transcription. Here, we review the history, importance, advances and challenges on enhancer and super‐enhancer field. This will benefit our understanding of their function mechanism for transcription underlying precise gene expression.