Open AccessDeep brain stimulation: potential for neuroprotection
Author(s) -
McKin Chris,
Gros Priti,
Lee Darrin J.,
Hamani Clement,
Lozano Andres M.,
Kalia Lorraine V.,
Kalia Suneil K.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
annals of clinical and translational neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.824
H-Index - 42
ISSN - 2328-9503
DOI - 10.1002/acn3.682
Subject(s) - deep brain stimulation , medicine , dystonia , neuroprotection , neuroscience , disease , essential tremor , parkinson's disease , epilepsy , depression (economics) , movement disorders , psychiatry , psychology , pharmacology , economics , macroeconomics
Over the last two decades there has been an exponential rise in the number of patients receiving deep brain stimulation ( DBS ) to manage debilitating neurological symptoms in conditions such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. Novel applications of DBS continue to emerge including treatment of various psychiatric conditions (e.g. obsessive‐compulsive disorder, major depression) and cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Despite widening therapeutic applications, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying DBS remains limited. In addition to modulation of local and network‐wide neuronal activity, growing evidence suggests that DBS may also have important neuroprotective effects in the brain by limiting synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss in neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we consider evidence from preclinical and clinical studies of DBS in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy that suggest chronic stimulation has the potential to mitigate neuronal loss and disease progression.