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Objective  The aim of this study was to confirm determinative factors for plasma A β  and its association with cognitive function.    Methods  Fasting plasma A β 40 and A β 42 levels were measured by  ELISA  in 1019 participants in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project. The relationships between plasma A β  and health‐related items, including physical characteristics, cognitive function tests, blood chemistry, and   APOE ‐ε4  genotype were analyzed.    Results  The plasma levels of A β 40 and A β 42, and A β 40/42 ratio were found to significantly increase with aging. The age‐dependent increase in A β 42 level was significantly suppressed by   APOE ‐ε4 . Renal function was an associated factor for the plasma A β 40 level. The plasma A β 42 level and A β 40/42 ratio correlated with cognitive function.    Interpretation  Age and   APOE ‐ε4  are major determinative factors of plasma levels of A β 42 and the A β 40/42 ratio. These factors are critical adjustment factors for the usage of plasma A β  as a biomarker of central nervous system amyloidosis.

Aging and APOE ‐ε4 are determinative factors of plasma A β 42 levels