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The study investigates the manipulation of the magnetic anisotropy in a thick(1 $\mu$m) Ni$_{90}$Fe$_{10}$ layer electrodeposited on a ferroelectricBaTiO$_3$(001) substrate, using a combination of Magneto-optical Kerr Effect,Photoemission Electron Microscopy with X-ray circular magnetic dichroism andX-ray diffraction. In the as-grown state, the system shows weak perpendicularmagnetic anisotropy and characteristic stripe domains. Upon out-of-planeelectrical poling of the BaTiO$_3$ substrate, the magnetic anisotropy switchesto in-plane with a strong uniaxial behavior. This change is ascribed to themagnetoelastic effect due to the switching of the BaTiO$_3$ ferroelectric [001]axis into the sample plane, as evidenced by XRD. The strong mechanicalinteraction with the thick Ni$_{90}$Fe$_{10}$ overlayer prevents the fullinversion of the substrate. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy can berecovered by a mild thermal annealing above the BaTiO$_3$ tetrahedral to cubicphase transition and can be cycled by repeated electrical poling/thermalannealing. This method opens the path to a reversible control of the magneticanisotropy in Ni$_{90}$Fe$_{10}$/BaTiO$_3$ heterostructures from perpendicularto in-plane.

Reversible out-of-plane to in-plane magnetic transition by electrical and thermal cycling in Ni$_{90}$Fe$_{10}$/BaTiO$_3$(001)