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Network operators diversify service offerings and enhance network efficiencyby leveraging bandwidth-variable transceivers and colorless flexible-gridreconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs). Nonetheless, theparadigm shift from rigid to elastic optical networks (EONs) has affectedseveral key parameters, including bit rate, center frequency spacing,modulation format, and optical reach. This study investigated thetransformative impact of emerging technologies on the design and structure ofoptical network architectures, including spectrally efficient multicarriersystems and bandwidth-variable wavelength-selective switches. A cost-effectiveROADM architecture applying an order-based connecting approach was introduced,which presented a high connectivity level and a blockage probability of lessthan 10-4. When this architecture was implemented in the EON, the datatransportation rate was 1 Tb/s. This outcome successfully accommodated a 20 %surge in traffic demand, while the optimized network architecture significantlyimproved fiber utilization by 3.4 %. Consequently, this study contributed apractical and efficient solution for implementing flexible optical networks,effectively addressing current concerns and propelling the opticalcommunication system sector forward.

Optimizing performance in elastic optical networks using advanced  reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers: A novel design approach and  comprehensive analysis