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We demonstrate that a novel device design, where a shape-engineeredtilted-leg thermopile structure is employed, significantly enhances the outputvoltage in the transverse direction. Owing to the shape engineering of the leggeometry, an additional temperature gradient develops along the long directionof the leg, which is perpendicular to the direction of the applied temperaturegradient, thereby generating an additional Seebeck voltage V_SE that adds tothe Anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) voltage V_ANE. We further show that a simpleadjustment of electrode position within the device can further increase V_SE.The tilted leg device with electrode adjustment demonstrates a 990% enhancedtransverse output voltage compared to that of conventional rectangular legthermopile-structured devices, wherein only the ANE occurs. This combinedoutput voltage from both the Seebeck effect and ANE is equivalent to the valuethat surpasses the state-of-the-art ANE materials and devices currentlyavailable. The numerical analysis shows the tendencies of the electrical andthermal outputs of the tilted-leg device, which guides a way to further improvethe output voltage. Our study paves the way to develop highly efficienttransverse TE devices that can overcome intrinsic materials challenges byutilizing the degree of freedom of device design.

Large Transverse Thermopower in Shape-Engineered Tilted Leg Thermopile