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A new mechanism is proposed to account for the formation of retrograde hotJupiter in coplanar star-planet system via close encounter between a Jupitermass planet and a brown dwarf mass planet. After long timescale scatteringbetween several Jupiter mass planets with inner orbits, the remaining planetsstill rotating around the star could have large semimajor with largeeccentricity. If there exists a brown dwarf mass planet in distant orbit aroundthe star, planetary encounter may happen. After encounter, the Jupiter massplanet may rotate around the star in a retrograde orbit with extremely largeeccentricity and the periastron can reach about 0.01 AU, which means that,within the first several orbits around the star, tidal interaction from thestar can shrink the semimajor axis of the planet quickly. Thus, the Jupitermass planet is isolated from the brown dwarf mass planet due to the quickdecrease of its apastron distance and eventually evolves into a retrograde hotJupiter.

Formation of Retrograde Hot Jupiter Triggered by Close Encounter with Tidal Circularization