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Clusters of galaxies at z>1 are expected to be increasingly active sites ofstar formation. To test this, an 850um survey was undertaken of eighthigh-redshift clusters at z=1.6-2.0 using SCUBA-2 on the James Clerk MaxwellTelescope. Mid-infrared properties were used to identify 53 probablecounterparts to 45 SCUBA-2 sources with colours that suggested that themajority of these were likely to be cluster members. This uncovered a modestaverage projected overdensity of 850um-selected sources with far-infraredluminosities Lir>10^12Lo (SFR>100Mo/yr) and colours consistent with beingcluster members of a factor of 4+/-1 within the central 1Mpc radius of theclusters. The submillimetre photometry of these galaxies was used to estimatethe total cluster star formation rates. These showed that the mass-normalisedrates in the clusters are two orders of magnitude higher than in local systems,evolving as (1+z)^(5.5+/-0.6). This rapid evolution means that themass-normalised star formation rates in these clusters matched that of averagehalos in the field at z~1.8+/-0.2 marking the epoch where the local starformation-density relation reverses in massive halos. The estimated stellarmasses of the cluster submillimetre galaxies suggest that their descendantswill be amongst the most massive galaxies in z~0 clusters. This reinforces thesuggestion that the majority of the massive early-type galaxy population in z~0clusters were likely to have formed at z>1.5-2 through very active, butdust-obscured, starburst events.

Obscured star formation in clusters at z=1.6-2.0: massive galaxy formation and the reversal of the star formation-density relation