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The Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) forms a critical transition region between theocean and sea ice cover as it protects the close ice further in from the effectof the steepest and most energetic open ocean waves. As waves propagate throughthe MIZ, they get exponentially attenuated. Unfortunately, the associatedattenuation coefficient is difficult to accurately estimate and model, andthere are still large uncertainties around which attenuation mechanismsdominate depending on the conditions. This makes it challenging to predictwaves in ice attenuation, as well as the effective impact of open ocean wavespropagating into the MIZ on sea ice breakup and dynamics. Here, we reportin-situ observations of strongly modulated waves-in-ice amplitude, with amodulation period of around 12 hours. We show that simple explanations, such aschanges in the incoming open water waves, or the effect of tides and currentsand bathymetry, cannot explain for the observed modulation. Therefore, thesignificant wave height modulation observed in the ice most likely comes from amodulation of the waves-in-ice attenuation coefficient. To explain this, weconjecture that one or several waves-in-ice attenuation mechanisms areperiodically modulated and switched on and off in the area of interest. Wegather evidence that sea ice convergence and divergence may be the factordriving this change in the waves in ice attenuation mechanisms and attenuationcoefficient, for example by modulating the intensity of floe-floe interactionmechanisms. Since this conclusion is obtained, at least partially, byelimination, we acknowledge that additional measurements will be needed toprovide a positive proof of our conjecture.

In-situ observations of strong waves in ice amplitude modulation with a  12-hour period: a likely signature of complex physics governing waves in ice  attenuation?