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We propose three independent methods to compute the hadron mass spectra ofgauge theories in the Hamiltonian formalism. The determination of hadron massesis one of the key issues in QCD, which has been precisely calculated by theMonte Carlo method in the Lagrangian formalism. We confirm that the mass ofhadrons can be calculated by examining correlation functions, the one-pointfunction, or the dispersion relation in Hamiltonian formalism. These methodsare suitable for quantum computation and tensor network approaches. The methodsare demonstrated with the tensor network (DMRG) in the 2-flavor Schwingermodel, which shares important properties with QCD. We show that the numericalresults are consistent with each other and with the analytic prediction of thebosonization technique. We also discuss their efficiency and potentialapplications to other models.

Three ways of calculating mass spectra for the 2-flavor Schwinger model in the Hamiltonian formalism