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There is compelling evidence that active galactic nuclei (AGNs) inhigh-density regions have undergone a different evolution than theircounterparts in the field, indicating that they are strongly affected by theirenvironment. To investigate the various factors that may affect the prevalenceof AGNs in cluster galaxies, we selected a sample of 19 thoroughly studiedX-ray-selected galaxy clusters from the LoCuSS survey. All these clusters areconsidered massive, with $M_{500}\gtrsim 2\times10^{14} M_{solar}$, and span anarrow redshift range between $z\sim$0.16 and 0.28. We divided the clustersurroundings into two concentric annuli with a width of $R_{500}$ radius. Wefurther divided the cluster sample based on the presence of infallingX-ray-detected groups, cluster mass, or dynamical state. We found that theX-ray AGN fraction in the outskirts is consistent with the field, but it issignificantly lower in cluster centres, in agreement with previous results formassive clusters. We show that these results do not depend on cluster mass.Furthermore, we did not find any evidence of a spatial correlation betweeninfalling groups and AGNs. Nevertheless, a significant excess of X-ray AGNs isfound in the outskirts of relaxed clusters at the 2$\sigma$ confidence level,compared both to non-relaxed clusters and to the field. Our results suggestthat the mechanisms that trigger AGN activity may vary between cluster centresand the outskirts. Ram pressure can efficiently remove the gas from infallinggalaxies, thereby triggering AGN activity in some cases. However, the reducedavailability of gas globally diminishes the fraction of AGNs in clustercenters. The surplus of X-ray AGNs identified in the outskirts of relaxedclusters may be attributed to an increased frequency of galaxy mergers, anotion that is further supported by the disturbed morphology observed inseveral galaxies.

AGNs in massive galaxy clusters: Role of galaxy merging, infalling groups, cluster mass, and dynamical state