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Brownian dynamics simulations are utilized to study segregation phenomena farfrom thermodynamic equilibrium. In the present study, we expand upon theanalysis of binary colloid mixtures and additionally introduce a third particlespecies to further our understanding of colloidal systems. Gravitationallydriven, spherical colloids immersed in an implicit solvent are confined intwo-dimensional linear microchannels. The interaction between the colloids ismodeled by the Weeks-Chandler-Andersen potential, and the confinement of thecolloids is realized by hard walls based on the solution of the Smoluchowskiequation in half space. In binary and ternary colloidal systems, a differencein the driving force is achieved by differing colloid sizes, but fixed massdensity. We observe for both the binary and ternary systems that a drivingforce difference induces a nonequilibrium phase transition to lanes. Forternary systems, we study the tendency of lane formation in dependence of thediameter of the medium-sized colloids. Here, we find a sweetspot for laneformation in ternary systems. Furthermore, we study the interaction of twodifferently sized colloids at the channel walls. Recently, we observed thatdriven large colloids push smaller colloids to the walls. This results in smallparticle lanes at the walls at early simulation times. In this work, weadditionally find that thin lanes are unstable and dissolve over very long timeframes. Furthermore, we observe a connection between lane formation and thenonuniform distribution of particles along the channel length. This nonuniformdistribution occurs either alongside lane formation or in shared lanes (i.e.lanes consisting of two colloid types).

Lane formation in gravitationally driven colloid mixtures consisting of up to three different particle sizes