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We investigate the effect of charm quark on the chiral phase transition oflight quarks at finite temperature based on the four-flavor soft-wallholographic QCD model. In the massless limit, we find that the thermal chiralphase transition is of the second order in the four-quark flavor system. In thecase with the massive charm quark and the massless light and strange quarks,the order of the phase transition changes to the first order. This is due tothe quark flavor symmetry breaking which is associated with the violation ofthe $U(1)$ axial symmetry. Once the light and strange quarks get massive, theexplicit chiral symmetry breaking becomes eminent, then the crossover phasetransition is realized at the physical quark masses. We also map the order ofthe phase transition on a phase diagram in the quark mass plane where thelight- and strange-quark masses are degenerate but differ from the value of thecharm quark mass. This phase diagram is an extension of the conventionalColumbia plot to the four-quark flavor system.

The effect of charm quark on chiral phase transition in $N_f=2+1+1$ holographic QCD