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Three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques are facilitating the autonomousvehicles to build intelligent system. Optical phased arrays (OPAs) featured byall solid-state configurations are becoming a promising solution for 3Dimaging. However, majority of state-of-art OPAs commonly suffer from severepower degradation at the edge of field of view (FoV), resulting in limitedeffective FoV and deteriorating 3D imaging quality. Here, we synergize chainedgrating antenna and vernier concept to design a novel OPA for realizing arecord wide 160{\deg}-FoV 3D imaging. By virtue of the chained antenna, the OPAexhibits less than 3-dB beam power variation within the 160{\deg} FoV. Inaddition, two OPAs with different pitch are integrated monolithically to form aquasi-coaxial Vernier OPA transceiver. With the aid of flat beam power profileprovided by the chained antennas, the OPA exhibits uniform beam quality at anarbitrary steering angle. The superior beam steering performance enables theOPA to accomplish 160{\deg} wide-FoV 3D imaging based on thefrequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) LiDAR scheme. The ranging accuracyis 5.5-mm. Moreover, the OPA is also applied to velocity measurement for 4Dsensing. To our best knowledge, it is the first experimental implementation ofa Vernier OPA LiDAR on 3D imaging to achieve a remarkable FoV.

SiN-on-SOI Optical Phased Array LiDAR for Ultra-Wide Field of View and 4D Sensing