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Synthesis of transition metal oxides by microwave irradiation is a faster andenergy-saving method compared to conventional heating in an electrical furnacebecause microwave energy is directly converted into heat within precursors.However, not much is known about how the physical properties are modified bythe power of microwaves. We synthesized LaMnO3+d by irradiating oxideprecursors with microwaves and studied the impact of microwave power (P = 1000W, 1200 W, 1400 W and 1600 W) on magnetism, resistivity, magnetoresistance,thermopower, magnetic entropy change, magnetostriction, and electron spinresonance. It is found that paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition becomessharper, saturation magnetization increases, and electrical resistivity at lowtemperatures dramatically decreases as P increases. While the resistivity ofsamples irradiated with MW power of P less than or equal to 1400 W showinsulating-like behavior down to 50 K, an insulator-metal transition occurs inthe sample exposed to P = 1600 W and this sample also shows a maximummagnetoresistance (= -55%), magneto-thermopower (=-87%), magnetostriction (-180x10-6) for H = 50 kOe and magnetic entropy change of 4.78 J/kg. K for H = 30kOe around the Curie temperature. The intensity of electron spin resonancespectra at 300 K increases with P. We postulate that the much enhanced physicalproperties observed for the P = 1600 W sample arise from the creation of higherhole density, chemical homogeneity, and increased grain size. Our study showsthat microwave power can be used as a knob to tune magnetism and other physicalproperties to our advantage.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of LaMnO3+d: Tuning physical properties with microwave power