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This article presents a novel multi-functional system for a sixth-generation(6G) wireless network with integrated sensing, communication, and powering(ISCAP), which unifies integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) and wirelessinformation and power transfer (WIPT) techniques. The multi-functional ISCAPnetwork promises to enhance resource utilization efficiency, reduce networkcosts, and improve overall performance through versatile operational modes.Specifically, a multi-functional base station (BS) can enable multi-functionaltransmission, by exploiting the same radio signals to performtarget/environment sensing, wireless communication, and wireless power transfer(WPT), simultaneously. Besides, the three functions can be intelligentlycoordinated to pursue mutual benefits,i.e., wireless sensing can be leveragedto enable light-training or even training-free WIPT by providing side-channelinformation, and the BS can utilize WPT to wirelessly charge low-power devicesfor ensuring sustainable ISAC. Furthermore, multiple multi-functional BSs cancooperate in both transmission and reception phases for efficient interferencemanagement, multi-static sensing, and distributed energy beamforming. For theseoperational modes, we discuss the technical challenges and potential solutions,particularly focusing on the fundamental performance tradeoff limits,transmission protocol design, as well as waveform and beamforming optimization.Finally, interesting research directions are identified.

Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Powering (ISCAP): Towards Multi-functional 6G Wireless Networks