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We report on the experimental realization of Pb1-xSnxTe pentagonal nanowires(NWs) with [110] orientation using molecular beam epitaxy techniques. Usingfirst-principles calculations, we investigate the structural stability in NWsof SnTe and PbTe in three different structural phases: cubic, pentagonal with[001] orientation and pentagonal with [110] orientation. Within a semiclassicalapproach, we show that the interplay between ionic and covalent bonds favorsthe formation of pentagonal NWs. Additionally, we find that this pentagonalstructure is more likely to occur in tellurides than in selenides. Thedisclination and twin boundary cause the electronic states originating from theNW core region to generate a conducting band connecting the valence andconduction bands, creating a symmetry-enforced metallic phase. The metalliccore band has opposite slopes in the cases of Sn and Te twin boundary, whilethe bands from the shell are insulating. We finally study the electronic andtopological properties of pentagonal NWs unveiling their potential as a newplatform for higher-order topology and fractional charge. These pentagonal NWsrepresent a unique case of intrinsic core-shell one-dimensional nanostructureswith distinct structural, electronic and topological properties between thecore and the shell region.

Pentagonal nanowires from topological crystalline insulators: a platform for intrinsic core-shell nanowires and higher-order topology