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Channel state information (CSI) is important to reap the full benefits ofmillimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems.The traditional channel estimation methods using pilot frames (PF) lead toexcessive overhead. To reduce the demand for PF, data frames (DF) can beadopted for joint channel estimation and data recovery. However, thecomputational complexity of the DF-based methods is prohibitively high. Toreduce the computational complexity, we propose a joint channel estimation anddata recovery (JCD) method assisted by a small number of PF for mmWave massiveMIMO systems. The proposed method has two stages. In Stage 1, differing fromthe traditional PF-based methods, the proposed PF-assisted method is utilizedto capture the angle of arrival (AoA) of principal components (PC) of channels.In Stage 2, JCD is designed for parallel implementation based on the multi-userdecoupling strategy. The theoretical analysis demonstrates that the PF-assistedJCD method can achieve equivalent performance to the Bayesian-optimal DF-basedmethod, while greatly reducing the computational complexity. Simulation resultsare also presented to validate the analytical results.

Joint Channel Estimation and Data Recovery for Millimeter Massive MIMO: Using Pilot to Capture Principal Components