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Compared to the generations up to 4G, whose main focus was on broadband andcoverage aspects, 5G has expanded the scope of wireless cellular systemstowards embracing two new types of connectivity: massive machine-typecommunication (mMTC) and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC).This paper will discuss the possible evolution of these two types ofconnectivity within the umbrella of 6G wireless systems. The paper consists ofthree parts. The first part deals with the connectivity for a massive number ofdevices. While mMTC research in 5G was predominantly focused on the problem ofuncoordinated access in the uplink for a large number of devices, the trafficpatterns in 6G may become more symmetric, leading to closed-loop massiveconnectivity. One of the drivers for this is distributed learning/inference.The second part of the paper will discuss the evolution of wirelessconnectivity for critical services. While latency and reliability are tightlycoupled in 5G, 6G will support a variety of safety critical controlapplications with different types of timing requirements, as evidenced by theemergence of metrics related to information freshness and information value.Additionally, ensuring ultra-high reliability for safety critical controlapplications requires modeling and estimation of the tail statistics of thewireless channel, queue length, and delay. The fulfillment of these stringentrequirements calls for the development of novel AI-based techniques,incorporating optimization theory, explainable AI, generative AI and digitaltwins. The third part will analyze the coexistence of massive connectivity andcritical services. We will consider scenarios in which a massive number ofdevices need to support traffic patterns of mixed criticality. This will befollowed by a discussion about the management of wireless resources shared byservices with different criticality.

Wireless 6G Connectivity for Massive Number of Devices and Critical Services