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Multi-layer ultra-dense satellite networks (MLUDSNs) have soared thismeteoric to provide vast throughputd for globally diverse services. Differingfrom traditional monolayer constellations, MLUDSNs emphasize the spatialintegration among layers, and its throughput may not be simply the sum ofthroughput of each layer. The hop-count of cross-layer communication paths canbe reduced by deploying inter-layer connections (ILCs), augmenting MLUDSN'sthroughput. Therefore, it remains an open issue how to deploy ILCs to optimizethe dynamic MLUDSN topology to dramatically raise throughput gains undermulti-layer collaboration. This paper designs an ILC deployment strategy toenhance throughput by revealing the impacts of ILC distribution on reducinghop-count. Since deploying ILCs burdens the satellite with extra communicationresource consumption, we model the ILC deployment problem as minimizing theaverage hop with limited ILCs, to maximize throughput. The proposed problem isa typical integer linear programming (ILP) problem, of which computationalcomplexity is exponential as the satellite scale expands and the time evolves.Based on the symmetrical topology of each layer, we propose a two-phasedeployment scheme to halve the problem scale and prioritize stable ILCs toreduce handover-count, which decreases the exponential complexity to apolynomial one, with 1% estimation error: Simulation results based on realisticmegaconstellation information confirm that the optimal number of ILCs is lessthan P.S/2, where P and S are orbits and satellites per orbit. Besides, theseILCs deploy uniformly in each layer, which raises over 1.55x throughput thanisolated layers.

High Throughput Inter-Layer Connecting Strategy for Multi-Layer Ultra-Dense Satellite Networks