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The third generation partnership project (3GPP) has recently defined twofrequency bands for direct access with satellites, which is a concrete steptoward realizing the anticipated space-air-ground integrated networks. Inaddition, given the rapid increase in the numbers of satellites orbiting theEarth and emerging satellites applications, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs)might soon need to operate with integrated access and backhaul (IAB), which hasbeen standardized for terrestrial networks to enable low-cost, flexible andscalable network densification. Therefore, this work investigates theperformance of satellite IAB, where the same spectrum resources at a low earthorbit (LEO) satellite are utilized to provide access to a handheld user (UE)and backhaul via inter-satellite links. The UE is assumed to operate withfrequency division duplex (FDD) as specified by the 3GPP, while both FDD andtime division duplex (TDD) are investigated for backhauling. Our analysisdemonstrate that the interference between access and backhaul links cansignificantly affect the performance under TDD backhauling, especially when theaccess link comes with a high quality-of-service demands.

Integrated Access and Backhaul via LEO Satellites with Inter-Satellite Links