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Nanotechnology has revolutionized our ability to control matter at thenanoscale, with metallic nanostructures offering remarkable versatility.Metallic nanoparticles (MNs) find compelling applications when metal losses arebalanced by optical gain elements, including visible-frequency metamaterialcloaking and sensitive bio-molecular sensors. Prior studies of theelectromagnetic response of these nano-systems have focused on single sphericalMNs within infinite gain media, facing non-uniformity challenges beyondemission thresholds. To overcome this issue, we propose transitioning tospherical nanoshells incorporating gain elements, facilitating fieldhomogeneity and offering a comprehensive spectral description using a hybridquasi-static model. This system enables us to describe the electromagneticbehavior of the MN below as well as above the emission threshold.Interestingly, we found that the steady-state emission of a gain enhancednanoshell is not the single line emission predicted by other authors, butinstead it involves a range of frequencies whose span is governed by physicaland morphological parameters that can be chosen at the stage of synthesis todesign an optimal emitter.

Gain enhanced metal nanoshells: below and above the emission threshold