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Space-based and ground-based telescopes have extensively documented theimpact of satellites on astronomical observations. With the proliferation ofsatellite mega-constellation programs, their influence on astronomicalobservations has become undeniable. It is crucial to quantify the impact ofsatellites on telescopes. To address this need, we have enhanced the circularorbit model for satellites and introduced a methodology based on two-lineelement (TLE) orbit data. This involves constructing a satellite probabilitydistribution model to evaluate the impact of satellites on telescopes. Usingour method, we assessed the satellite impact on global observatories. Theresults indicate that the regions most severely affected by satelliteinterference currently are those near the equator, with latitudes around 50 and80 degrees experiencing the most significant impact from low Earth orbitsatellites. Furthermore, we validated the reliability of our method usingimaging data obtained from the focal surface acquisition camera of the LAMOSTtelescope.

Satellite Impact on Astronomical Observations Based on Elliptical Orbit Model