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Information about tissue oxygen saturation ($StO_2$) and other relatedimportant physiological parameters can be extracted from diffuse reflectancespectra measured through non-contact imaging. Three analytical opticalreflectance models for homogeneous, semi-infinite, tissue have been proposed(Modified Beer-Lambert, Jacques 1999, Yudovsky 2009) but these have not beendirectly compared for tissue parameter extraction purposes. We compare theseanalytical models using Monte Carlo simulated diffuse reflectance spectra andcontrolled gelatin-based phantoms with measured diffuse reflectance spectra andknown ground truth composition parameters. The Yudovsky model performed bestagainst Monte Carlo simulations and measured spectra of tissue phantoms interms of goodness of fit and parameter extraction accuracy followed closely byJacques' model. In this study, Yudovsky's model appeared most robust, howeverour results demonstrated that both Yudovsky and Jacques models are suitable formodelling tissue that can be approximated as a single, homogeneous,semi-infinite slab.

A comparative study of analytical models of diffuse reflectance in  homogeneous biological tissues: Gelatin based phantoms and Monte Carlo  experiments