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Memory-disk synchronization is a critical technology for ensuring datacorrectness, integrity, and security, especially in systems that handlesensitive information like financial transactions and medical records. Wepropose SYNC+SYNC, a group of attacks that exploit the memory-disksynchronization primitives. SYNC+SYNC works by subtly varying the timing ofsynchronization on the write buffer, offering several advantages: 1)implemented purely in software, enabling deployment on any hardware devices; 2)resilient against existing cache partitioning and randomization techniques; 3)unaffected by prefetching techniques and cache replacement strategies. Wepresent the principles of SYNC+SYNC through the implementation of two writecovert channel protocols, using either a single file or page, and introducethree enhanced strategies that utilize multiple files and pages. Thefeasibility of these channels is demonstrated in both cross-process andcross-sandbox scenarios across diverse operating systems (OSes). Experimentalresults show that, the average rate can reach 2.036 Kb/s (with a peak rate of14.762 Kb/s) and the error rate is 0% on Linux; when running on macOS, theaverage rate achieves 10.211 Kb/s (with a peak rate of 253.022 Kb/s) and theerror rate is 0.004%. To the best of our knowledge, SYNC+SYNC is the firsthigh-speed write covert channel for software cache.

SYNC+SYNC: Software Cache Write Covert Channels Exploiting Memory-disk Synchronization