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Phototaxis, the directed motion in response to a light stimulus, is crucialfor motile microorganisms that rely on photosynthesis, such as the unicellularmicroalga \textit{Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}. It is well known that microalgaeadapt to ambient light stimuli. On time scales of several dozen minutes, whenstimulated long enough, the response of the microalga evolves as if the lightintensity were decreasing~[Mayer, \textit{Nature} (1968)]. Here, we showexperimentally that microalgae also have a short-term memory, on the time scaleof a couple of minutes, which is the opposite of adaptation. At these shorttime scales, when stimulated consecutively, the response of \textit{C.reinhardtii} evolves as if the light intensity were increasing. Ourexperimental results are rationalized by the introduction of a simplified modelof phototaxis. Memory comes from the interplay between an internal biochemicaltime scale and the time scale of the stimulus; as such, these memory effectsare likely to be widespread in phototactic microorganisms.

Short-term memory effects in the phototactic behavior of microalgae