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We analyze the decoherence between two ground electronic states of anoptically trapped atom by adopting a full description of the atomicwavefunction. The motional state, i.e., the phonon state, is taken intoaccount. In addition to the decoherence due to the variance of differentiallight shift (DLS), a new decoherence mechanism, phonon-jumping-induceddecoherence (PJID), is discovered and verified experimentally. A coherence timeof $T_2\approx 20$ s is then obtained for a single Cs atom by suppressing bothvariances of DLS and PJID by trapping the atom in a blue-detuned BBT andpreparing the atom into its three-dimensional motional ground states. Our workopens a new prospect to extend the coherence time of optically trapped singleatoms.

Coherence time of 20 s with a single cesium atom in an optical dipole trap